Uma amabhola e-solder evela, angathinta ukusebenza okuphelele kwesifundaibhodi.Amabhola amancanyana awabukeki futhi angakwazi ukususa izingxenye kancane umaki.Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, amabhola amakhulu e-solder angawa phezulu futhi aqede ikhwalithi yamalungu engxenye.Okubi nakakhulu, amabhola athile angagingqikakwezinye izingxenye zebhodi, okuholela ezikhindini kanye nokusha.
Izizathu ezimbalwa zokuthi kungani amabhola e-solder enzeka zifaka:
Eumswakama owedlulele endaweni yokwakha
Umswakama noma umswakama ku-PCB
I-flux eningi kakhulu ku-solder paste
Izinga lokushisa noma ingcindezi iphezulu kakhulu phakathi nenqubo yokugeleza kabusha
Ukusula nokuhlanza okunganele ngemuva kokugeleza kabusha
I-solder paste ayilungiswanga ngokwanele
Izindlela Zokuvimbela Amabhola Solder
Ngezimbangela zamabhola e-solder engqondweni, ungasebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene kanye nezinyathelo phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza ukuze uvimbele.Ezinye izinyathelo ezisebenzayo yilezi:
1. Yehlisa PCB Umswakama
Izinto eziyisisekelo ze-PCB zingagcina umswakama uma usuwufake ekukhiqizeni.Uma ibhodi limanzi uma uqala ukusebenzisa i-solder, amabhola e-solder cishe azokwenzeka.Ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhodi ayinawo umswakama njengobakungenzeka, umenzi angazivimba ukuthi zenzeke.
Gcina wonke ama-PCB endaweni eyomile, ngaphandle kwemithombo eseduze yomswakama.Ngaphambi kokukhiqiza, hlola ebhodini ngalinye ukuze uthole izimpawu zokuswakama, bese usula ngezindwangu ezilwa nokuqina.Khumbula ukuthi umswakama ungafakwa ku-solder pads.Ukubhaka amabhodi ku-120 degrees Celsius amahora amane ngaphambi komjikelezo ngamunye wokukhiqiza kuzohwamulisa noma yimuphi umswakama oweqile.
2. Khetha I-Solder Namathisela Okulungile
Izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza i-solder nazo zingakhiqiza amabhola e-solder.Okuqukethwe kwensimbi ephakeme kanye ne-oxidation ephansi ngaphakathi kokunamathiselwe kunciphisa amathuba okuthi amabhola akheke, njengoba i-viscosity ye-solder ivimbela lokho.ekubhidlikeni ngenkathi kushisa.
Ungasebenzisa i-flux ukusiza ukuvimbela i-oxidation futhi wenze lula ukuhlanzwa kwamabhodi ngemva kokuhlanganisa, kodwa kakhulu kuzoholela ekuweni kwesakhiwo.Khetha i-solder paste ehlangabezana nemibandela edingekayo ukuze kwenziwe ibhodi, futhi amathuba okwakhiwa kwamabhola e-solder azokwehla kakhulu.
3. Shisisa i-PCB
Njengoba uhlelo lokugeleza kabusha luqala, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lingabangela ukuncibilika ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokuhwamukaye-solder ngendlela yokuthi ibangele ukuba ibhule futhi ibe nebhola.Lokhu kubangela umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinto zebhodi kanye nehhavini.
Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, preheat amabhodi ukuze asondele ekushiseni kwehhavini.Lokhu kuzonciphisa izinga loshintsho uma ukushisisa kuqala ngaphakathi, kuvumela i-solder ukuthi incibilike ngokulinganayo ngaphandle kokushisa ngokweqile.
4. Ungaphuthelwa I-Solder Mask
Amamaski e-solder ayingqimba encane ye-polymer esetshenziswa emithonjeni yethusi yesekethe, futhi amabhola e-solder angakheka ngaphandle kwawo.Qinisekisa ukuthi usebenzisa kahle i-solder paste ukuvimbela izikhala phakathi kwama-trace nama-pads, futhi uhlole ukuthi imaski ye-solder isendaweni.
Ungathuthukisa le nqubo ngokusebenzisa imishini yekhwalithi ephezulu futhi futhi ngokunciphisa izinga lokushisa kwamabhodi.Izinga lokushisa elihamba kancane livumela i-solder ukuthi isakaze ngokulinganayo ngaphandle kokushiya izikhala ukuze amabhola akheke.
5. Yehlisa I-PCB Mounting Stress
Ingcindezi ebekwa ebhodini uma igingqiwe inganwebeka noma ifinyeze imikhondo namaphedi.Ukucindezela okukhulu kwangaphakathi kanye nama-pads azophushwa avalwe;ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwangaphandle futhi bazodonswa bavuleke.
Lapho sezivuleke kakhulu, i-solder izophushwa ngaphandle, futhi ngeke ibe nokwanele kuzo lapho ivaliwe.Qinisekisa ukuthi ibhodi aleluliwe noma alichotshozwa ngaphambi kokukhiqizwa, futhi leli nani elingalungile le-solder ngeke likhuphuke.
6. Hlola kabili Isikhala sephedi
Uma amaphedi ebhodini esezindaweni ezingalungile noma esondelene kakhulu noma eqhelelene kakhulu, lokhu kungaholela ekuhlanganisweni kwe-solder okungalungile.Uma amabhola e-solder enza uma amaphedi ebekwe ngokungalungile, lokhu kwandisa ithuba lokuthi azowa futhi abangele ama-shorts.
Qinisekisa ukuthi wonke amapulani anamaphedi asethwe ezindaweni ezifanele kakhulu nokuthi ibhodi ngalinye liphrintwe ngendlela efanele.Uma nje besalungile bengena, akufanele kube nezinkinga ngokuphuma kwabo.
7. Bheka Ukuhlanzwa Kwezitezi
Ngemuva kokudlula ngakunye, kufanele uhlanze kahle ukunamathisela kwe-solder okweqile noma ukhiphe i-stencil.Uma ungakugcini ukweqisa, kuzodluliselwa kumabhodi azayo phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza.Lokhu okweqile kuzokwenziwa ubuhlalu ngaphezulu noma amaphedi achichimayo futhi enze amabhola.
Kuhle ukuhlanza uwoyela oweqile kanye ne-solder kusukela ku-stencil ngemva kwayo yonke imijikelezo ukuze uvimbele ukwakheka.Impela, kungase kudle isikhathi, kodwa kungcono kakhulu ukumisa udaba ngaphambi kokuba lube lubi.
Amabhola e-solder ayimbangela yanoma yimuphi umugqa womkhiqizi womhlangano we-EMS.Izinkinga zabo zilula, kodwa izimbangela zabo ziningi kakhulu.Ngenhlanhla, isigaba ngasinye senqubo yokukhiqiza sinikeza indlela entsha yokuvimbela ukuthi zingenzeki.
Bhekisisa inqubo yakho yokukhiqiza futhi ubone ukuthi ungasebenzisa kuphi izinyathelo ezingenhla ukuze uvimbeleukudalwa kwamabhola e-solder ekukhiqizeni i-SMT.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-29-2023